Contents magazine № 1 (95) february 2020

ORGANIZATIONAL AND METODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF REHABILITATION MEDICINE AND MEDICAL REHABILITATION

Abstract:

Thermal medicine is one of the oldest forms of western therapy and, in that respect, should be considered as a traditional medicine (according to the definition of the World Health Organization).
Based on the above, the “Thermae” as an integrated set of natural resources, facilities, and services, can be seen as a meeting point among different forms of medical culture to offer therapy and rehabilitation, as well as health preservation options. In different traditions and cultures, this is where people could find relief from their ailments, as well as the opportunity to exercise and develop their physical and sport capabilities, to meet and socialize.
With the use of water for therapeutic purposes, whose sources were often connected, in different forms, to mythological or sacred events, and with the scientific, economic, and social development of populations in time, thermalism experienced ups and downs in its different applications – including medical and scientific, architectural, and management ones.
Today, with the huge progress of scientific medicine, the use of a medium (water) that is apparently simple, yet complex and not at all thoroughly investigated, may seem redundant, if not unnecessary.

Keywords: thermal medicine, human health, rehabilitation.


View article


Abstract:

Objective: to estimate awareness of future health care organization specialists on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Materials and methods. Survey of 118 students of the vocational retraining cycle “Organization of Health Care and Public Health” on a standardized questionnaire, including 6 test questions. For data analysis the average scores were calculated by Student's t-test and percentages were compared by Fisher test, for the correlations Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used. The analysis was carried out in relation to the entire group of respondents and groups identified in relation to the clinical specialty in which practical medical activity is carried out. Results. 26.3% of respondents are aware of the classification existence. The average score for the test questions was 1.3 ± 1.9 at 6 maximum, Median 0, Mode 0. There was no connection between the classification awareness and age rs = -0.06 at p = 0.2. Awareness was significantly (t = 2.9) higher in the group of neurologists than other clinical specialists, 2.3 ± 2.1 and 0.4 ± 1.1 points, respectively. 41.5% of respondents marked the practical value of classification in the absence of knowledge about its existence. Conclusion. The low awareness of future health care organization specialists points the necessity of including the topic on one of three main WHO classifications in the curriculum.

Keywords: physician awareness, doctor questioning, ICF, International Classification of Functioning, health managers.


View article


FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSTICS AND DIAGNOSTIC TECHNOLOGY IN REGENERATIVE MEDICINE, METHODS OF REZERVOMETRICS

Abstract:

Individual rehabilitation programs for patients with central paralysis should be based on the knowledge of the corticospinal tracts (CST) anatomy and function as well as understanding of neuroplasticity mechanisms in case of CST damage. We aimed to provide an overview of the current CTF studies, the classification and the functions of CTFs. The possible mechanisms for motor recovery after brain injury are discussed in relation to the rehabilitation approaches.

Keywords: corticospinal tract, neuroplasticity, rehabilitation, motoneuron, transcranial magnetic stimulation, diffusion tensor tractography.


View article


Abstract:

Results of a screening examination of three groups of neurological ward patients are presented. The aim of the study was to form diagnostic criteria for current emotional state estimation in patients with cerebrovascular pathology for making an individual psychological rehabilitation program. The study involved 47 patients of a neurological ward: with cerebrovascular disease (CV) - 17 persons, with the consequences of vertebral fractures and brain injury - 15 persons, with post-laminectomy syndrome - 15 persons, aged from 24 to 69 years. Data were obtained on diagnostic criteria validity for the estimation of chronic fatigue degree while studying current emotional state of patients with CVD. This allows to include procedures aimed for fatigue degree reduction in the individual psychological rehabilitation programs of these patients.

Keywords: cerebrovascular pathology, emotional disturbances, chronic fatigue degree, asthenic syndrome.


View article


TECHNOLOGIES OF REHABILITATION MEDICINE AND MEDICAL REHABILITATION

Abstract:

Chronic brain ischemia is a syndrome of progressive multifocal or diffuse brain injury manifested by clinical neurological, neuropsychological and/or mental disorders due to chronic vascular brain insufficiency. The dominant reasons for the development and chronisation of circulatory insufficiency in vertebral-basilar system is extravasal effects of degenerative and dystrophic processes in cervical spine, that cause blood flow deficiency in vertebral arteries (VA). Usage of radon baths in combination with physiotherapeutic methods on cervical and collar region as a rehabilitation treatment in this patients group showed good results, that were more evident among patients with chronic vertebral-basilar disorders and acute cervical dorsopathy.

Keywords: the vertebrobasilar system, extravasal compression, rаdon therapy, radon baths, cervical dorsopathy, degenerative and dystrophic processes, chronic ischemia, cervical dorsopaty.


View article


Abstract:

The most common consequences of a stroke are motor disorders in the form of paralysis and paresis, most often unilateral hemiparesis of varying severity. It is motor disorders that lead to the disruption of such categories of life activity as the ability to move and self-care, which entails a limitation of patient mobility. The study included 35 patients with motor disorders resulting from acute cerebrovascular accident who underwent medical rehabilitation.
Clinical research methods (Ashfort, Rivermid) and mathematical statistics evaluated the positive effects of robotic mechanotherapy, which was used in the rehabilitation of stroke patients.
As a result of rehabilitation measures using robotic mechanotherapy, the strength in the hand in 68.2% of the examined patients and in the leg in 45.5% significantly increased (p˂0.005). In the remaining patients, there was no significant improvement in motor deficiency, but nevertheless, mobility improved in all examined patients and the average value of the Rivermid mobility index was 11.4 ± 2.1 out of 15 possible (p <0.001).

Keywords: acute cerebrovascular accident, stroke, paresis, validated scales, Ashfort scale, Rivermid index, robotic mechanotherapy, machine of «Armeo Power», machine of «Lokomat».


View article


DISSERTATION ORBIT

Abstract:

The article presents study results of 85 patients in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke in the carotid pool with leading hemiparesis syndrome. 51 men and 34 women aged 42-65 years, average age 57.3 years. The control group of 20 healthy subjects, comparable by gender and age. The aim of the study was to estimate the characteristics of activation adequacy and coordination ratio of muscles in patients with ischemic stroke in the carotid pool, in the early recovery period depending on its severity. We estimate amplitude of maximal arbitrarily muscle activity in antagonists of the shin, forearm, and by defeat adequacy ratios and reciprocity calculation from two sides using the surface electromyography (EMG). All patients were divided into 2 groups according Barthel index. The first group of 29 patients had a mild degree of everyday life dependence, that was interpreted as mild severity. The second group of 56 patients had moderate severity. The severity of hemiparesis in all patients was evaluated from mild to moderate (muscle strength of 3-4.5 scores). In patients of the first group, on the paresis side, we observed an increase in reciprocity coefficient up to 104% in the forearm extensors and the adequacy coefficient to 85% in the forearm flexors. Patients of the second group showed an increase in reciprocity shin flexors and forearm extensors up to 89%, as well as defeat adequacy ratios in the shin extensors up to 76% on the paresis side. In nonparetic limbs in patients of the first group, the reciprocity coefficient (up to 68%) and adequacy ratio (up to 53%) were elevated. In patients of the second group, reciprocity and defeat adequacy ratios in nonparetic limbs were higher compares to the first group (up to 72%). The method of EMG with estimation of reciprocity and defeat adequacy ratios makes objective both paresis severity and muscle tone disorders in paretic and non-paretic limbs. It can also be used for evaluation of motor defect improvement and rehabilitation effect in patients with mild to moderate severity central hemiparesis syndrome.

Keywords: ischemic stroke, hemiparesis, electromyography, Barthel scaule.


View article


Abstract:

The problem of rehabilitation therapy for patients with ischemic strokes is very acute in modern neurology. Neurophysiological researches are currently leading in the study and monitoring of the brain plasticity state. About 80% of all traumas associated with ischemic stroke affects musculoskeletal system, and about half of them are upper limbs injuries. The effectiveness of treatment depends on adequacy of the first aid. After conservative methods of treatment, it reachs 13-60%, and after the operation - from 10 to 70%. In addition, disability in patients with radial fractures is quite significant and ranges from 6 to 8 months, 10% of patients are forced to change their profession, and 6-17% become disabled. An integral part of the of the rehabilitation process in this group patients is dynamic electroencephalography (EEG), since information on the functional state of cerebral structures is necessary for a full rehabilitation program, prognosis and objective assessment of treatment results. We examined 26 patients with cerebral stroke (14 men and 12 women aged 42-65 years) in the early recovery period with spastic hemiparesis as a leading neurological syndrome and 27 patients with distal metaepiphysis radial fractures (after manual reposition and plaster splint removal), at various rehabilitation stages within a weekly interval.
It was found that cerebral changes in electroactivity, assessed by similar leads of the contralateral hemisphere, are more evident in stroke patients, that may be a peculiarity of cerebral rhythm during stroke, as there is more diffuse encephalographic pattern due to deep localization of alteration focus and pathways. Positive trends in the reduction of slow-wave activity over the lesionare more evident in patients who were administed dynamic and static exercisesin the long-term recovery period. Normalization of electrogenesis as a result of treatment is the most evident in patients who performed static exercises than dynamic ones.

Keywords: affected neurodynamics, stroke, fracture longets, upper limb problem, location of dynamic and objective static exercises, diffuse electroencephalogram, delta rhythm statistics, theta rhythm.


View article


Abstract:

Frequency of intestinal dysfunction, including functional diarrhea, which is a clinical sign of irritable bowel syndrome, is very high among young people and requires timely measures aimed for relieve and prevention of progression of these disorders. Insufficient treatment effect of this patient category underlines the need for developing new approaches of rehabilitation. Combined use of amplipulse therapy and extremely high-frequency therapy strengthens the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.

Keywords: diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, amplipulse therapy, extremely high-frequency therapy.


View article


REVIEWS. LECTURES. REPORT. HISTORICAL SKETCHES

Abstract:

The definition of vertebral dorsopathies is given, based on the ideas of Russian vertebral neurologists. The main forms and methods of motor rehabilitation of patients with vertebral dorsopathies are considered: reflex-prohibiting postures and positions; targeted relaxation of muscles and ligaments; use of remote and nearby synergies; decompression kinesitherapy; consistent training of strength and endurance of the muscles. Examples are given.

Keywords: dorsopathy, muscles, rehabilitation, methods, physiotherapy, rehabilitation.


View article


Abstract:

Vertigo, tinnitus, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, headache, cervical pain, palpitation – each neurologist encounters such symptoms in his practice, both separate and in conjunction. Such patients need complex diagnostics including neurophysiological methods and neurovisualization, pharmacological treatment, complex of preventive means and rehabilitation. Understanding the pathophysiology of this process is essential for development of new methods for diagnostics, prevention, rehabilitation, natural healing factors usage, physical therapy and traditional therapy factors usage.

Keywords: Barre-Lieou syndrome, vertebral artery syndrome, posterior cervical sympathetic syndrome, vertebral nerve syndrome, proprioceptive cervical vertigo, rotational vertebral artery vertigo, migraine-associated cervicogenic vertigo.


View article


SCIENTIFIC LIFE

Abstract:

In experiments on nonlinear male rats using transmission electron microscopy it was found that the low-intensity electromagnetic field (EMF) of ultrahigh frequency (microwave) and the magnetic field (MP) of low frequency (LF) used in prevention and treatment modes have a stimulating effect on the processes of intracellular regeneration in Sertoli cells under radiation conditions. Their greatest effect was observed under the action of EMR microwave, which was manifested in adaptive rearrangements development of mitochondria and protein-synthesizing organelles content increase.

Keywords: intracellular regeneration, low-intensity electromagnetic fields, Sertoli cells, radiation, rats.


View article


Abstract:

The article deals with some psychological peculiarities of interaction with the emotional state of the patients and one of the possible ways to correct this state using art therapy - felt therapy (the use of unspun wool in the art therapy process). Some opportunities of this material and effects of its usage are described in the article. The aims of the method are formation of conscientious attitude to the disease; assistance in recognition of “symptom’s secondary benefits”; actualization, awareness and reinforcement of the internal resources spectrum; extension of ability to access and use them, as well as inclusion and acceptance of the “symptom” and suffering part of the personality; integration of one's inner self diversity. Art therapeutic practices described in the article also helps in building of a new positively coloured creative experience and formation of positive mind. All of these assist patients to feel a holistic personality, more harmonious and happy.

Keywords: art therapy, art psychotherapy, felt therapy, psychological rehabilitation, psychology, psychotherapy, psychosomatics, emotions, psycho-emotional state of the patient, working with the symptom, innovative methods of psychotherapy, wool painting.


View article


Abstract:

You can’t overestimate the importance of medical care in sanatorium-resort complex, that have been proved by many years of clinical researches initiated in Russia and other countries. Like most federal districts of Russia, Central Federal District (CFD) is rich for natural resort factors: substantial reserves of mineral water and medical clays, wonderful climate, combined with a modern medical facilities, bring Central Federal District to one of the leading places in the country referring to natural healing factors usage in the system of sanatorium-resort care of population.

Keywords: sanatorium-resort complex, sanatorium-resort organization (health resort), natural healing resources, mineral waters, healing mud, climate, landscape.


View article


Abstract:

Metabolic syndrome is one of the most common problems among population worldwide. Its prevalence is so significant that it appears to spread like an epidemic disease. It is expected that the number of obese individuals worldwide is going to increase. About 40% male and 50% female populations will be suffering overweight and obesity by 2025. Patients’ lifestyle modification, including a controlled reduction of simple carbohydrates intake, personalized eating strategy based on food-intolerance estimation, individual aerobic training and adequate supplementary support, can provide encouraging results in improving overall health, weight loss and restoring normal metabolic parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Keywords: food antigens, hypersensitivity, tolerance, metabolic syndrome, overweight, microbiota.


View article


PROFFESSIONAL SPACE. CHRONICLE OF LIFE. PEOPLE AND ORGANIZATIONS




РЕКЛАМА