Issue 2-84, 2018

The Variability of Application of Methods of Sensory Stimulation in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Minimal Manifestations of Consciousness

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1 Grechko A.V., 1 Grechko A.V., 1 Kovaleva G.A., 1 Rodionova A.D.

1 Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia


ABSTRACT

Persistent disturbances of consciousness in patients occur due to various etiologies and pathogenesis of diffuse lesionsof the brain (with strokes, traumatic brain injuries, etc.). Modern researches of physiological bases of restoration of thedisturbed functions in these cases are connected with the concept of neuroplasticity within which ability of bark to significantfunctional rearrangements under the influence of afferent stimulation is proved. In the modern model of rehabilitationof patients with severe brain damage who are in a vegetative state or a state of low consciousness, these provisions areimplemented in determining the content and methods of corrective action. The technique of sensory stimulation is currentlyconsidered as a promising direction of work with patients at the stage of their early rehabilitation. Despite broad prominenceand popularity this method and his unparalleled (Dobrokhotova T. A., 1994; Zaitsev O. S., Dobrokhotova T. A., GogitidzeN. Oh. Sharova E. V., 2007; Ellis E., 1990; Tolle P., Reimer M., 2003; Lombardi F., Taricco M., De Tanti A., 2002; Wood R. L.,1991; Weber P., 1984), diagnostic criteria for differentiation of multisensory effects, taking into account premorbid characteristicsof patients (including their sensory profile, leading sensory channel / modality of perception, etc.), have not beendetermined so far. As part of our research on the basis of the Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Federal scientificand clinical center of intensive care and rehabilitation", the study of the sensory profile and the system of individual sensorypreferences of 48 patients with minimal manifestations of consciousness, arising from severe brain damage of various etiologies.On the basis of the obtained data, a typology of sensory susceptibility of patients was developed, variative strategiesof multisensory stimulation of patients with different types were determined.


KEYWORDS: neurorehabilitation, vegetative status, patients with minimal manifestations of consciousness, rehabilitation potential, sensory profile, types of sensory susceptibility, differentiated multimodal sensory stimulation, variable strategies of sensory stimulation.


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This is an open article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology.