Issue 1-21, 2022
Review article
Physical Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation in “Restorative” Ophthalmology: Historical Stages and Development Prospects
1 Igor G. Ovechkin, 2
Vladimir E. Yudin, 3
Alexander V. Shakula, 4
Nikolay I. Ovechkin
1 Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Moscow, Russian Federation
2 Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation
3 National Medical Research Center of Rehabilitation and Balneology, Moscow, Russian Federation
4 Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of the Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
ABSTRACT
An overview of the historical stages of “restorative ophthalmology” is presented, taking into account the main directions of the concept of“Wellness of Healthy Eyes” in order to prevent and correct asthenopia in patients with visually strenuous work, based on a three- levelsystem of prevention and correction of functional visual disorders. The fi rst level is aimed at increasing the patient’s awareness of issuesof vision protection and hygiene. The second level is aimed at reducing the adverse eff ects of environmental factors on the state ofvision. The third level is realized in the form of methods of specifi c and nonspecifi c stimulation of the organ of vision. The urgency ofconsidering a new scientifi c problem in ophthalmology related to the development of the concept of diagnostics and assessment ofthe therapeutic measures eff ectiveness from the standpoint of modern requirements for medical rehabilitation has been substantiated.It is proposed that a practical solution to this problem should be carried out through the development of qualifi catory signs of theinternational classifi cation of functioning, adequate questionnaires for assessing the “quality of life” in actual eye pathology (asthenopia,cataract), as well as an assessment of traditional (conservative, surgical) treatment from the standpoint of modern basic characteristicsof medical rehabilitation (rehabilitation goal, rehabilitation diagnosis, rehabilitation prognosis, etc.).Conclusion. The most important task of medical focus is to preserve the functional state of the human operator’s visual analyzer ata level that allows performing professional activities with the required reliability and quality indicators.
KEYWORDS: visually strenuous work, medical rehabilitation, international classifi cation of functioning, asthenopia, cataract
FOR CITATION: Ovechkin I.G., Yudin V.E., Shakula A.V., Ovechkin N.I. Physical Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation in “Restorative” Ophthalmology: Historical Stages and Development Prospects. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2022; 21 (1):98-103. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2022-21-1-98-103
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This is an open article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology.