Issue 23-4, 2024

Review

https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2024-23-4-83-91

Rehabilitation for Myelodysplasia in Children: a Review

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1,2 ORCIDAnna M. Nekrasova,2 ORCIDRezeda A. Bodrova,2 ORCIDDarya L. Nefedeva

1LLC “Kazan Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics”, Kazan, Russia
2.Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russia


ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. 1.5 thousand children with myelodysplasia (MD) are born in Russia every year. To improve the quality of life, most of them need lifelong medical supervision and rehabilitation. The topic of medical rehabilitation in MD in children is poorly covered.

AIM. To search and analysis published data on the rehabilitation of children with MD identify the most effective methods.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The collection and analysis of publications on this topic from the PubMed and eLibrary databases published from 2014 to 2024 was carried out. Earlier fundamental works on secondary disorders in myelodysplasia and Spina bifida were also included in the review. A total of 512 publications in PubMed and 1096 publications in eLibrary were analyzed, 584 of them were unique. Publications of reviews, systematic reviews and clinical observations were included.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Rehabilitation for MD in children is multidisciplinary in nature, a violation of the structure of the nervous system entails, already in utero, the formation of deformities of the musculoskeletal system, combined changes in the functioning of the lower urinary tract and intestines. It is known that rehabilitation started from an early age helps to master motor skills in a timely manner, contributes to the prevention of metabolic syndrome, contractures, pressure sores, urodynamic disorders and constipation. There are different approaches regarding the intensity of physical activity during the day and week, following the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), children should exercise for more than 60 minutes a day. Physical exercises should be carried out from the perspective of the concept of neuroplasticity and enhanced by the influence of magnetic stimulation, low-intensity laser, electromyostimulation, vibration therapy. It will be possible to effectively use acupuncture and massage. In addition, it is important to include urological and orthopedic care in medical rehabilitation from an early age.

CONCLUSION. Due to the high disability, there is a question of effective methods for improving rehabilitation potential and improving the standard of living. Among the described methods, physiotherapy is distinguished, including therapeutic exercises, magnetic stimulation, low-intensity laser therapy, electromyostimulation, and ergotherapy. It is necessary to continue to study the effectiveness of the use of various physical factors in children with MD.


KEYWORDS: spina bifida, meningomyelocele, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, children’s rehabilitation

FUNDING: The authors declare no external funding in the conduct of the study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors declare no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

FOR CITATION:

Nekrasova A.M., Bodrova R.A., Nefedeva D.L. Myelodysplasia Rehabilitation in Children: a Review. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2024; 23(4):83-91. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2024-23-4-83-91 (In Russ.).

FOR CORRESPONDENCE:

Anna M. Nekrasova, E-mail: kafedra-reabil-kgma@mail.ru


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This is an open article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology.