Issue 24-1, 2025

Original article

https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2025-24-1-19-29

Principles of Physical Factor Selection in the Early Postoperative Period of Breast Cancer Treatment: a Randomized Controlled Study

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* ORCIDInna S. Evstigneeva

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia


ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. Current models of onco-rehabilitation do not consider the patient’s functional impairment during combined treatment until the patient becomes incapacitated and the impairment develops into a chronic condition.

AIM.  To develop algorithms for selecting physical factors depending on the clinical and functional state of patients after radical surgical treatment of breast cancer (BC) in the early postoperative period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS.  The study involved 179 women who underwent radical Madden mastectomy or radical breast resection for breast cancer from stage IА to stage IIIА (in the early postoperative period — 2–4 days). All the patients were randomized into 5 groups: the standard rehabilitation course included general magnetotherapy (n = 37) exercise therapy, balance therapy and classes with a medical psychologist, supplemented by prescribing low-temperature argon plasma (n = 35), pneumocompression (n = 35), fluctuorization (n = 35) and an electrostatic field (n = 37). The pain syndrome (VAS), the difference in the circumference of the upper extremities (cm), muscle strength according to the Medical Research Council, the volume of movements in the shoulder joints, postoperative sutures according to the POSAS scale, daily volume of lymphorrhea, peripheral blood flow and life quality according to the SF-36 questionnaire were evaluated.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.  The study found that general magnetic therapy normalizes the microcirculation efficiency index and the bypass index, reducing congestion on the operated side, and improves the quality of life. Adding pneumatic compression to the complex affects the volume of lymphorrhea by 2.2 times; fluctuorization reduces pain by 2.2 times and increases the range of motion in the shoulder joint by 1.8 times; the electrostatic field affects the reduction of edema, pain syndrome and neuropathy by 2 times; low-temperature plasma improves the regeneration of the postoperative suture and reduces edema and inflammation in this area by 1.3 times.

CONCLUSION.  An integrated approach to medical rehabilitation at an early stage proved effective in maintaining results for up to 1.5 and 6 months following the surgery. There were no adverse events associated with this approach.


KEYWORDS: medical rehabilitation, low-temperature argon plasma, general magnetic therapy, intermittent pneumocompression, local magnetic therapy, postmastectomy syndrome, breast cancer, early postoperative period, balance therapy, stage 1 of medical rehabilitation

FOR CITATION:

Evstigneeva I.S. Principles of Physical Factor Selection in the Early Postoperative Period of Breast Cancer Treatment: a Randomized Controlled Study. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2025; 24(1):19–29 https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2025-24-1-19-29 (In Russ.).

FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Inna S. Evstigneeva, Е-mail: evstigneevais@mail.ru, evstigneevais@rmapo.ru


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This is an open article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology.