Issue 1-83, 2018

Energy Efficiency and Age. Chronic Tissue Hypoxia as the Cause of Development of Oxidative Stress

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1 Tarasevich A.F.

1 Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk, Russia


ABSTRACT

It is well known that mitochondrial dysfunction is directly related to many age-depending noninfectious chronic diseasesaccompanied by the critical reductions in the aerobic synthesis of ATP. The ability of mitochondria to comply withthe environmental conditions and proper mitochondrial functioning occur only in the presence of adequate partial pressureof oxygen in the inner mitochondrial membranes, which results in the most effective energy production while meetingthe cellular needs in energy. The reduced protons and free electrons accepted in the oxygen molecules are end productsof aerobic metabolism in healthy mitochondria, leading to production of ATP and formation of such physiologicalmetabolites as water and carbon dioxide. The increasing subclinical cellular hypoxia caused by interdependent complexfactors – dietary intake of energy metabolites and tissue oxygenation – contributes to oxidative stress, which is commonlyaccepted as one of the main causes of age-dependent noninfectious chronic diseases.


KEYWORDS: metabolism, energy homeostasis, mitochondria, glycolysis, respiratory chain, chronic tissue hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, oxidative stress


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