Issue 5-99, 2020

Original article

https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2020-99-5-120-126

Gender Differences in Heart Rhythm Normalization in Young Sportsman After Test Physical Activities

View article (Download PDF file)



Download XML file

1 Iusov I.G., 2 Gilmutdinova I.R., 3 Gumenuyk S.A.

1 Moscow Scientific Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
2 National Medical Research Center of Rehabilitation and Balneology, Moscow, Russian Federation
3 Scientific Center of Emergency, Moscow, Russian Federation


ABSTRACT

Aim. To find gender differences in the heart rate normalization of young athletes in the rapid phase of recovery after test physical activities.

Material and methods. Heart rate normalization indices were studied in 60 young biathletes and skiers of 13-18 years old (33 boys and 27 girls), heart rate variability was calculated by the exponential equation depending on sex. Comparison of the results was carried out after sub-maximum cycle ergometric loads of 2.5 W/kg carried out during 3 min and loads until the work was done, dosed to 1 kg of body weight (4 W/kg for boys and 3.5 W/kg for girls). Load testing was performed in a sitting position on the «Lode» ergometer (Netherlands) with continuous recording of spiro ergometric indices on «Cortex» system and each heart cycle duration on the «Polar RS800» system. The maximum mechanical performance was calculated using the Mueller equation in 0.5 and 6 minutes. We determined: HPI values when performing test physical exercises in young men and women; anaerobic (PWCmx0.5) and aerobic capabilities (PWCmx6) of young athletes depending on gender.

Results. Analysis of the heart rate in boys and girls in the phase of rapid recovery after the test physical activity was showed that after sub-maximum load, dosed per kilogram of body weight of boys have an advantage in the nature of normalization of the heart rate. They have a higher rate of HRV reduction in relative terms, given the potential for heart rate reduction; faster recovery of HRV; indicators of the exponential equation (large residual dispersion of its ratio to total dispersion, lower values of multiple correlation coefficient in young men) also indicate their advantage in the nature of recovery. After performing the load before the refusal of work was not determined by gender differences in not one of the indicators of heart rate normalization in the phase of rapid recovery.

Conclusion. Boys have higher rate of HRV reduction in relative values, taking into account potential heart rate reduction; faster HRV recovery; exponential equation indices (higher residual dispersion of its ratio to total dispersion, lower values of multiple correlation coefficient) also indicate the advantage of boys in character of recovery after sub-maximum load. More frequent heart rate and more pronounced reduction of HRV in girls, at the end of sub-maximum load, and slower normalization of different heart rates indices are associated with lower aerobic performance capabilities. No gender differences were identified in any of the heart rate normalization rates during the rapid recovery phase after the pre-dropout phase.



KEYWORDS: pulse frequency recovery, test physical loads, exponential equation

FOR CITATION: Iusov I.G., Gilmutdinova I.R., Gumenuyk S.A. Gender Differences in Heart Rhythm Normalization in Young Sportsman after Test Physical Activities. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020;5 (99): 120-126. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2020-99-5-120-126


References:

  1. Cole C. R., Foody J. M., Blackstone E. H., Lauer M. S., Heart rate recovery after submaximal exercise testing as a predictor of mortality in a cardiovascvlare healthy cohort. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2000; (4): 552-555.
  2. Giardini A., Fenton M. Impairment of heart rate recovery after peak exercise predicts poor outcome after pediatric heart transplantation. Circulation. 2013; (128): 199-204.
  3. Borresen J., Lambert M. I. Autonomic control of heart rate during and after exercise. Sports Medicine. 2008; (38): 633-646.
  4. Daanen H. A., Lamberts R. P., Kallen V. L., Jin A., Van Meeteren N. L. A systematic review on heart-rate recovery to monitor changes in training status in athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2012; 7 (3): 251-260.
  5. Imai K., Sato H., Hori M., Kusuoka H., Ozaki H., Yokoyama H., Takeda H., Inoue M., Kamada T. Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise is accelerated in athletes but blunted in patients with chronic heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology.1994; (24): 1529-1535.
  6. Goldberger J. J., Le F. K., Lahiri M., Kannankeril P. J., Ng J., Kadish H. H. Assessment of parasympathetic reactivation after exercise. American Journal of Physiology. 2006; (290): 2446-2452.
  7. Perini R., Orizio C., Comande A., Castellano M., Beschi M., Veicsteinas A. Plazma norepinephrine and heart rate dynamics during recovery from submaximal exercise in man. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 1989; 58 (8).
  8. Laguna M., Aznar S. Heart rate recovery is associated with obesity trains and related cardiometabolic risc factors in children and adolescents. Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases. 2013; (23): 995-1001.
  9. Mahon A. D., Anderson C. S., Hipp M. J. Heart rate recovery from submaximal exercise in boys and girls. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2003; (35): 2093-7.
  10. Pecanha T., Silva-junior N. Heart rate recovery: autonomic determinants, assessment and association with mortality and cardiovascular diseases. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. 2014; (34): 327-339.
  11. Coote J. H. Recovery of heart rate following intense dynamic exercise. Experimental Physiology. 2010; (95): 431-440.
  12. Prusov P. K. Pokazateli eksponencial’nogo uravneniya v ocenke vosstanovleniya chastoty pul’sa u yunyh sportsmenov posle vypolneniya vozrastayushchih po moshchnosti, preryvistyh veloergometricheskih nagruzok do otkaza [Indicators of the exponential equation in estimation of recovery of heart rate at young sportsmen after performance of increasing power, intermittent bicycle ergometric loads to failure]. Sports medicine: science and practice. 2012; 1 (4): 12-19 (In Russ.).
  13. Prusov P. K., Iusov I. G. Harakteristika vosstanovleniya chastoty pul’sa u yunyh sportsmenov posle veloergometricheskoj nagruzki raznoj intensivnosti [Characteristics of recovery of pulse rate in young sportsmen after ergometric bicycle load of different intensity]. Sports medicine: science and practice. 2017; 4 (4): 25-28 (In Russ.).



Creative Commons License
The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©


This is an open article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology.