Issue 5-99, 2020

Review article

https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2020-99-5-107-119

The Effectiveness of Functional Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis (Literature Review)

View article (Download PDF file)



Download XML file

1,2 ORCIDGuryanova E.A., 3 Kiryanova V.V.

1 Postgraduate Doctors Training Institute of Health Ministry of Chuvashia, Cheboksary, Russian Federation
2 Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Cheboksary, Russian Federation
3 North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation


ABSTRACT

Introduction. The restoration of motor functions in patients with multiple sclerosis is a priority task of medical rehabilitation in order to slow down the progression of the orthopedic defect and to improve patients’ quality of life. Despite the usage of disease modifying drugs, patients suffering from significant neurological disorders gain orthopedic complications. A decrease in physical activity leads to increased body weight, trophic and other disorders, aggravating the course of the main illness and complicating the process of medical rehabilitation. Mobile functional electrical stimulation devices (FES) could became an innovative mean for the improvement of MS patient’s mobility and gait in everyday life.

Aim. To provide evidence-based data from clinical studies on the potential of FES devices usage in clinical practice by patients with paresis of the lower extremities, to describe general characteristics of modern functional electrostimulation devices, to compare the most popular devices. The results of meta-analyzes and clinical studies on the effectiveness and safety of FES devices for the rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis are presented. The influence of functional electrical stimulation on gait parameters, ankle joint functional mobility and quality of life are considered.

Conclusion. When patients with MS undergo rehabilitation using neuro-orthoses with FES, the pattern of gait is normalized, stability of walking is increased, the number of falls and the need for additional support are reduced. Among the main advantages of FES a significant increase in the mobility and independence of patients, which directly affects the quality of life is noted. FES has a positive effect on the level of physical activity and on muscle strength, cardio-respiratory parameters, as well as on a decrease in the severity of paresis. FES therapy in motion is an excellent rehabilitation tool with proved therapeutic efficacy when used in the rehabilitation of MS patients.



KEYWORDS: multiple sclerosis, functional electrical stimulation, FES, gait disorder, foot drop, motor function rehabilitation

FOR CITATION: Guryanova E.A., Kiryanova V.V. The Effectiveness of Functional Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis (Literature Review). Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020; 5 (99): 107-119. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2020-99-5-107-119


References:

  1. Bojko A. N., Guseva M. E., Siverceva S. A., Baty'sheva T. T. Zhizn' s rasseyanny'm sklerozom. Rukovodstvo dlya pacientov, chlenov ix semej i medicinskix rabotnikov. [Life with multiple sclerosis]. Prakticheskaya medicina. 2019: 376 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Bojko A. N., Guseva M. R., Xachanova N. V., Gusev E. I. Voprosy' sovremennoj terminologii pri rasseyannom skleroze. [Questions of modern terminology in multiple sclerosis. Features of walking disorders in multiple sclerosis]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psixiatrii im. C. C. Korsakova. 2018; 118 (8-2): 121-127 (In Russ.).
  3. Doroxov A. D., Shkil'nyuk G. G., Czvetkova T. L., Stolyarov I. D. Osobennosti narushenij xod'by' pri rasseyannom skleroze. [Features of walking disorders in multiple sclerosis]. Prakticheskaya medicina. 2019; 17 (7): 28-320 (In Russ.).
  4. Klemenov A. V. Obratnaya xod'ba kak metodika nejroreabilitacii. [Reverse walking as a neurorehabilitation technique]. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2018; (2): 108-112. DOI:10.18821/1681-3456-2018-17-1-4-8 (In Russ.).
  5. Heine M., Van de Port I., Rietberg M. B. et al. Exercise therapy for fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015; (9). Art. No.: CD009956. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD009956.pub2
  6. Street T., Singleton C. Five-Year Follow-up of a Longitudinal Cohort Study of the Effectiveness of Functional Electrical Stimulation for People with Mutiple Sclerosis. International Journal of MS Care. 2018; 20 (5): 224-230. DOI:10.7224/1537-2073.2016-094
  7. Comber L., Galvin R., Coote S. Gait deficits in people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gait Posture. 2017; (51): 25-35. DOI:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.09.026
  8. Shagaev A. S., Bojko A. N., Baxarev B. V. Osobennosti vliyaniya dinamicheskoj stabilometrii na stepen' vy'razhennosti sindroma xronicheskoj ustalosti u bol'ny'x s razlichny'm tipom techeniya rasseyannogo skleroza. [Features of the influence of dynamic stabilometry on the severity of chronic fatigue syndrome in patients with various types of multiple sclerosis]. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2018; (2): 67-72 (In Russ.).
  9. Wei T. S., Liu P. T., Chang L. W., Liu S.Y: Gait asymmetry, ankle spasticity, and depression as independent predictors of falls in ambulatory stroke patients. PLoS One. 2017; 23 (12 (5)): e0177136. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0177136
  10. Schmid A., Duncan P. W., Studenski S. et al. Improvements in Speed-Based Gait Classifications Are Meaningful. Stroke. 2007; (38): 2096-2100.
  11. Gianni С., Prosperini L., Jonsdottir J., Cattaneo D. A systematic review of factors associated with accidental falls in people with multiple sclerosis: a meta-analytic approach. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2014; 28 (7): 704-716. DOI:10.1177/0269215513517575
  12. Vister E., Tijma M. E., Hoang P. D. et al. Fatique, Physical Activity, Quality of Life, and Fall Risk in people with Multiple Sclerosis. International Journal of MS Care. 2017; (19): 91-98.
  13. Amatya B., Khan F., Galea M. Rehabilitation for people with multiple sclerosis: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2019; (1). Art. No.: CD012732. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD012732.pub2
  14. Litvinova N.Yu., Belova A. N., Shejko G. E. et al. Fizicheskaya reabilitaciya bol'ny'x rasseyanny'm sklerozom. [Physical rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis]. Lechebnaya fizkul'tura isportivnaya medicina. 2019; 1 (149): 40-51 (In Russ.).
  15. Polilova Yu. V., Geczman Ya. A. Metodika ispol'zovaniya LOKOMAT dlya reabilitacii pacientov s dvigatel'ny'mi narusheniyami: klinicheskie rekomendacii [LOKOMAT Methodology for Rehabilitation of Patients with Movement Disorders: Clinical Guideline]. Novosibirsk. GKT FGBU «NNIITO» Minzdrava Rossii. 2012: 21 р. (In Russ.).
  16. Tikhoplav O. A., Ivanova V. V., Guryanova E. A., Ivanov I. N. E'ffektivnost' robotizirovannoj mexanoterapii kompleksa “Lokomat pro” u pacientov, peren-yosshix insul't [The effectiveness of robotic mechanotherapy of the Lokomat pro complex in stroke patients]. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2019; (93): 57-64. (In Russ.)
  17. Peresedova A. V., Chernikova L. A., Zavalishin I. A. Fizicheskaya reabilitaciya pri rasseyannom skleroze: obshhie principy' i sovremenny'e vy'sokotexnolo gichny'e metody' [Physical rehabilitation for multiple sclerosis: general principles and modern high-tech methods]. Vestnik Rossijskoj akademii medicin-skix nauk. 2013; 68 (10): 14-21. (In Russ.).
  18. [Clinical recommendations Multiple sclerosis] Klinicheskie rekomendacii Rasseyanny'j skleroz. 2018. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.ructrims.org/files/
  19. Ponomarenko G. N. Fizioterapiya: nacional'noe rukovodstvo [Physiotherapy: national guidelines]. M. GE'OTAR-Media. 2013. (In Russ.).
  20. Liberson W. T., Holmquest H. J., Scot D., Dow M. Functional electrotherapy: stimulation of the peroneal nerve synchronized with the swing phase of the gait of hemiplegic patients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1961; V.42: 101 p.
  21. Moe J. H., Post H. W. Functional electrical stimulation for ambulation in hemiplegia. Lancet. 1962; V.82: 285 p.
  22. Vitenzon A. S., Petrushanskaya K. A. Fiziologicheskie obosnovaniya metoda iskusstvennoj korrekcii dvizhenij posredstvom programmiruemoj e'lektrostimulyacii my'shcz pri xod'be. [Physiological substantiation of the method of artificial movement correction by means of programmed electrical stimulation of muscles when walking]. Rossijskij zhurnal biomexaniki. 2010; 14 (2/48): 7-27. (In Russ.).
  23. Matsumoto S., Shimodozono M., Noma T. Rationale and design of the therapeutic effects of peroneal nerve functional electrical stimulation for lower extremity in patients with convalescent poststroke hemiplegia (RALLY) study: study protocol for a randomised controlled study. BMJ Open. 2019; 9 (11): e026214. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026214
  24. Gil-Castillo et al. Advances in neuroprosthetic management of foot drop: a review. Advances in Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 2020; (17/46): 1-19 DOI:10.1186/s12984-020-00668-4
  25. Barrett C. L., Mann G. E., Taylor P. N., Strike P. A. Randomized Trial to Investigate the Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation and Therapeutic Exercise on Walking Performance for People with Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. 2009; (15): 493-504.
  26. Functional Electrical Stimulation for Foot Drop in Multiple Sclerosis. Published Online: May 20th 2015 US Neurology. 2015;11 (1):10-8. DOI:10.17925/USN.2015.11.01.10
  27. Renfrew L. (Miller). Lord A. C., Warren J. et al. Evaluating the Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation Used for Foot Drop on Aspects of Health-Related Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. International Journal of MS Care. 2019; 21 (4): 173-182. DOI:10.7224/1537-2073.2018-015
  28. Miller L., McFayden A., Lord A. et al. Functional electrical stimulation for foot drop in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and metaanalysis of the effect on gait speed. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2017; (98): 1435-1452.
  29. Taylor P. N., Humphreys L., Swain I. The Long-Term Cost-Effectiveness of the Use of Functional Electrical Stimulation for the Correction of Dropped Foot Due to Upper Motor Neuron Lesion. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2013; (45): 154-160.
  30. Taylor P. N., Barrett C., Mann G. et al. A feasibility study to investigate the effect of functional electrical stimulation and physiotherapy exercise on the quality of gait of people with multiple sclerosis: FES for dropped foot and hip stability in MS. Neuromodulation. 2014; (17): 75-84.
  31. Street T., Taylor P., Swain I. Effectiveness of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Walking Speed, Functional Category, and Clinically Meaningful Changes for Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2015; 96 (4): 667-672.
  32. Taylor P., Barrett C., Mann G., Wareham W. A feasibility study to investigate the effect of functional electrical stimulation and physiotherapy exercise on the quality of gait of people with multiple sclerosis. Neuromodulation. 2014; 17 (1): 75-84. DOI:10.1111/ner.12048
  33. Springer S., Khamis S. Effects of functional electrical stimulation on gait in people with multiple sclerosis - A systematic review. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. 2017; 1 (18). DOI:10.1016/j.msard.2017.01.010
  34. Van der Linden M. L., Scott S. M., Hooper J. E. et al. Gait Kinematics pf People with Multiple Sclerosis and the Acute Application of Functional Electrical Stimulation. Gait & Posture. 2014; 39 (4): 1092-6.
  35. Van der Linden M. L., Hooper J. E., Cowan P. et al. Habitual Functional Electrical Stimulation Therapy Improves Gait Kinematics and Walking Performance, but Not Patient-Reported Functional Outcomes, of People with Multiple Sclerosis Who Present with Foot-Drop. PLoS One. 2014; 18 (9 (8)): e103368. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0103368.
  36. Scott S. M., Van der Linden M. L., Hooper J. E. et al. Quantification of Gait Kinematics and Walking Ability of People with Multiple Sclerosis Who Are New Users of Functional Electrical Stimulation. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2013; 45 (4): 364-369.
  37. Gervasoni E., Parelli R., Uszynski M. et al. Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Reducing Falls and Improving Gait Parameters in Multiple Sclerosis and Stroke. PM&R Journal. 2017; 9 (4): 339-347. DOI:10.1016/j.pmrj.2016.10.019
  38. Sheffler L. R., Bailey N. S., Chae J. Spatiotemporal and Kinematic Effect of Peroneal Nerve Stimulation Versus an Ankle Foot Orthosis in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Series. PM&R Journal. 2009; 1 (7): 604-611. DOI:10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.04.002
  39. Renfrew L. (Miller), Paul L., McFadyen A. et al. The clinical- and cost-effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation and ankle-foot orthoses for foot drop in Multiple Sclerosis: a multicenter randomized trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2019; 33 (7): 1150-1162. DOI:10.1177/0269215519842254
  40. Cameron M. Н. The walkaide functional electrical stimulation system - a novel therapeutic approach for foot drop in central nervous system disorders. European Neurological Review. 2010; 5 (2): 18-20. DOI:10.17925/ENR. 2010.02.18
  41. Miller L., Rafferty D., Paul L., Mattison P. A comparison of the orthotic effect of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator and the Walkaide functional electrical stimulation system on energy cost and speed of walking in Multiple Sclerosis. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology. 2015; 10 (6): 482-485. DOI:10.3109/17483107.2014.898340
  42. Bulley C., Mercer T. H., Hooper J. E. et al. Experiences of functional electrical stimulation (FES) and ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) for footdrop in people with multiple sclerosis. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology. 2015; (10): 458-467.
  43. Barrett C., Taylor P. The effects of the Odstock drop foot stimulator on perceived quality of life for people with stroke and multiple sclerosis. Neuromodulation. 2010; (13): 58-64.
  44. Taylor P. N., Wikinson-Hart I. A., Khan M. S. et al. The correction of dropped foot due to multiple sclerosis using the STIMuSTEP implanted dropped foot stimulator. International Journal of MS Care. 2016; (18): 239-247.
  45. Downing A., Van Ryn D., Fecko A. et al. A Two-Week Trial of Functional Electrical Stimulation Positively Affects Gait Function and Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis. International Journal of MS Care. 2014; (16): 146-152.
  46. Martins A. C., Pinheiro J., Farias B. et al. Psychosocial impact of assistive technologies for mobility and their implications for active ageing. Technologies. 2016; (4): 1-9.
  47. Mayer L., Warring T., Agrella S. et al. The Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Gait Function and Quality of Life for People with Multiple Sclerosis on Dalfampridine. International Journal of MS Care. 2015; (17): 35-41.
  48. Esnouf J. E., Taylor P. N., Mann G. E., Barrett C. L. Impact on Activities of Daily Living Using a Functional Electrical Stimulation Device to Improve Dropped Foot in People with Multiple Sclerosis, Measured by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Multiple Sclerosis. 2010; 16 (9): 1141-1147.
  49. Motl R. W., Goldman M. D., Benedict R. H. Walking impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis: exercise training as a treatment option. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2010; (6): 767-774.
  50. Motl R. W., Sandroff B. M., Suh Y., Sosnoff J. J. Energy cost of walking and its parameters, daily activity and fatigue in persons with mild to moderate Multiple Sclerosis. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. 2012; (26): 1015-1021.
  51. Miller L., Rafferty D., Paul L., Mattison P. The Impact of Walking Speed on the Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation for Foot Drop in People with Multiple Sclerosis. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology. 2016; 11 (6): 478-483.
  52. Everaert D. G., Thompson A. K., Chong S. L., Stein R. B. Does Functional Electrical Stimulation for Foot Drop Strengthen Corticospinal Connections? Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. 2010; 24 (2): 168-177.
  53. Stein R. B., Everaert D., Thompson A. K. et al. Long Term Therapeutic and Orthotic Effects of a Foot Drop Stimulator on Walking Performance in Progressive and Nonprogressive Neurological Disorders. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. 2010; 24 (2): 152-167.
  54. Rasova K., Feys P., Henze T. et al. Emerging evidence-based physicalrehabilitation for multiple sclerosis - towards an inventory of current content across Europe. Health Qual. Life Outcomes. 2010; (8): 76 p.
  55. Moskovskij A. V., Urukov Yu. N., Viktorov V. N. et al. Issledovanie nejromediatornogo statusa tuchnyh kletok pri vospalenii pul’py zuba [Study of the neurotransmitter status of mast cells in inflammation of the dental pulp]. Acta Medica Eurasica. 2018; (4): 47-52 (In Russ.).
  56. Guryanova E. A., Deomidov E. S. Nejroendokrinnye i tuchnye kletki kozhi v oblasti tochek akupunktury [Neuroendocrine and mast cells of the skin in the area of acupuncture]. Medicinskij akademicheskij zhurnal. 2019; (19/S): 22-24. (In Russ.).
  57. Pelletier J., Audoin B., Reuter F., Ranjeva J. Plasticity in MS: from functional imaging to rehabilitation. The International MS Journal. 2009; 16 (1): 26-31.
  58. Gercik Yu. G., Ivanova G. E., Ragutkin A. V. et al. Povyshenie effektivnosti ekspluatacii vysokotekhnologichnyh medicinskih izdelij putem rasshireniya kompetencij medicinskih rabotnikov v obshchetekhnicheskih, informacionnyh i telemedicinskih tekhnologiyah. [Improving the efficiency of the operation of high-tech medical devices by expanding the competencies of medical workers in general technical, information and telemedicine technologies.]. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2018; (1): 61-68 (In Russ.).
  59. Cykunov M. B. Shkaly ocenki narushenij pri patologii oporno-dvigatel’noj sistemy s ispol’zovaniem kategorij mezhdunarodnoj klassifikacii funk-cionirovaniya (diskussiya). [Scales for assessing disorders in the pathology of the musculoskeletal system using the categories of the international classification of functioning (discussion)]. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2019; (5): 2-12 (In Russ.).



Creative Commons License
The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©


This is an open article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology.