Issue 24-5, 2025

Review

https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2025-24-5-106-112

Possibilities of Using Cellular Secretome to Stimulate Soft Tissue Regeneration: a Review

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ORCID Petr S. Eremin 1,*, ORCID Elena A. Rozhkova 1, ORCID Ilmira R. Gilmutdinova 2

1 National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology, Moscow, Russia
2 National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia


ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION.  The cellular secretome (CS) is a complex mixture of bioactive molecules secreted by cells during in vitro cultivation and is considered a promising tool in the creation of tissue-engineered constructs to improve the efficiency of hard and soft tissue regeneration. The CS includes cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, enzymes, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, etc. These paracrine factors secreted by cells play a crucial role in modulating various cellular processes, such as inflammation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. High biological activity and the ability to modulate cellular responses make the CS a promising alternative to both traditional drug therapy and non-drug treatments using stem cell transplantation.

AIM.  Characteristics of the current state of research into using cellular secretome to stimulate regeneration processes in damaged tissues.

MATERIALS AND METHODS.  The literature data was reviewed using the PubMed, BioRxiv and ScienceDirect databases. Query dates: June-August 2025, query depth — 2020–2025.

MAIN CONTENT OF THE REVIEW.  The use of bioengineering and cell technologies for effective stimulation of regeneration processes of damaged tissue is possible only with a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach. To date, most of the components of the CS that regulate the regeneration of soft and hard tissues have been studied. The mechanisms by which the CS exerts its effect, as well as various types and compositions of secretomes used in tissue engineering, are described. The results of laboratory studies and the results of clinical application of the CS are presented, illustrating the practical benefits and effectiveness of non-drug therapy based on the CS. In addition, the review assesses the existing limitations in the practical application of the secretome, such as variability of composition and adverse immune reactions, and discusses strategies for increasing its therapeutic potential.

CONCLUSION.  Thus, achievements and discoveries in the field of experimental and regenerative medicine shape the directions of future research, including the need to standardize production methods and further study the mechanisms of action of the CS. The integration of cellular metabolites into tissue-engineered constructs will improve the efficiency of restoration of damaged soft tissues and reduce the recovery period for patients.


KEYWORDS: cellular secretome, tissue engineering structures, regenerative medicine

FOR CITATION:

Eremin P.S., Rozhkova E.A., Gilmutdinova I.R. Possibilities of Using Cellular Secretome to Stimulate Soft Tissue Regeneration: a Review. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2025; 24(5): 106-112. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2025-24-5-106-112 (In Russ.). 

FOR CORRESPONDENCE:

Petr S. Eremin, E-mail: ereminps@gmail.com, ereminps@nmicrk.ru


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