Issue 24-6, 2025

Original article

https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2025-24-6-8-17

Effectiveness of Health-Resort Treatment of Varying Duration in Adult Patients with Bronchial Asthma: a Multicenter Randomized Study

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ORCIDIrina A. Grishechkina1,*, ORCIDTatyana A. Knyazeva1, ORCIDMaxim Yu. Yakovlev1,2, ORCIDNatalia N. Zubareva1

1 National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology, Moscow, Russia
2 I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia


ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most common chronic diseases.

AIM. To assess the clinical effectiveness of health-resort treatment (HRT) for patients with asthma lasting 7, 14, 18, and 21 days in order to determine its optimal duration.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. In 2024, a multicenter randomized study was conducted at 3 scientific and clinical branches of the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, including 64 patients with BA. Before and after the treatment courses, a general clinical examination, testing (exercise tolerance, quality of life test, ACT, hospital anxiety and depression scale), general blood test, spirometry were performed. Treatment of patients included: aerotherapy, halogenation, therapeutic exercises according to the method for diseases of the respiratory system, exposure to low-intensity laser radiation on the projection of the roots of the lungs, exposure to an alternating magnetic field on the area of the back of the chest, inhalations with mineral water, gas-air carbon dioxide baths (Reabox, Russia), dosed walking along the terrain cure routes.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. After 7 days of HRT, there was a statistically significant reduction in the number of asthma attacks (McNemar's χ2 = 21.76, p = 0.005), the need for symptomatic treatment (McNemar's χ2 = 21.76, p = 0.005) and improvement in ACT questionnaire scores (Z = 2.02; p = 0.04), which persisted during 14, 18 and 21 days of health-resort treatment (p < 0.05 according to the Wilcoxon test). With health-resort treatment lasting 14, 18, and 21 days, there was a statistically significant decrease in the number of patients complaining of shortness of breath (McNemar's χ2 = 21.76, p = 0.005), and an increase in FEV1 and FVC values (Z = 3.4, p = 0.001; Z = 3.35; p = 0.0001 — comparison group 2; Z = 3.06, p = 0.002; Z = 3.06; p = 0.002 — comparison group 2; Z = 2.24, p = 0.03; Z = 2.24; p = 0.03 — comparison group 4, respectively). The patients in all groups showed a statistically significant increase in the distance covered in the 6-minute walk test (Z = 3.18, p = 0.0002; Z = 3.82; p = 0.0001; Z = 3.0, p = 0.001; Z = 3.62; p = 0.0003, respectively), with HRT durations of 14, 18, and 21 days – an improvement in quality of life (Z = 2.77; p = 0.006; Z = 2.37, p = 0.02; Z = 1.95; p = 0.049, respectively), with a 21-day duration — a decrease in depression levels (Z = 2.2; p = 0.028). When comparing the increase or decrease in indicators between the patient groups, no statistically significant differences were found.

CONCLUSION. The minimum sufficient period of health-resort treatment for patients with bronchial asthma was determined to be 7 days, with 14 days being the optimal period.


KEYWORDS: asthma, respiratory diseases, spirometry, low-intensity laser radiation, aerotherapy, mineral water inhalations, physical training

FOR CITATION: Grishechkina I.A., Knyazeva T.A., Yakovlev M.Yu., Zubareva N.N. Effectiveness of Health-Resort Treatment of Varying Duration in Adult Patients with Bronchial Asthma: a Multicenter Randomized Study. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2025; 24(6):8–17. https://doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2025-24-6-8-17 (In Russ.).

FOR CORRESPONDENCE:

Irina A. Grishechkina, Email: grishechkinaia@nmicrk.ru


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